Tchia litman ph.d.9/24/2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() Instead of using these uncut Confucian classics, a new, cut-down set of texts were introduced: the Four Books. “the Four Books” were written by Zhu Xi to have a “better” set of texts to study for the civil service exams. The books were modified versions of the Confucian classics, with commentary, ideas from Buddhism, ideas from Daoism, and even ideas from other philosophers. The Four Books were a way to detail how a ruler should live and rule in a Neo-Confucian society. Zhu Xi refused to see a Confucian scholar like his father asked him to until he was 30 and could think of new ideas on his own. After seeing the scholar, Zhu Xi decided to write these four books for the rest of his life, dying just three days after his final commentary was written. Each of The Four Books focused on a different topic. Great Learning was the first one, and it focused on the basic ideas of Chinese philosophy and political thinking. It was meant by Zhu Xi to be an “introduction” into the world of Neo-Confucianism. Great Learning described the structure of a Neo-Confucian society, and since it was the most basic of the books, it was enacted in society the most. Doctrine of the Mean was the second one, and it focused on following “the Way” or balance. It explained that acting properly and being “right and natural” is important. ![]() It also acknowledged that one can not possibly act properly and be right all of the time, so one should always try to develop their morals (sense of right or wrong). Doctrine of the Mean was a guide for how people should behave in society, and many people followed it in the Song Dynasty. The Analects were Confucius’ teachings and discussions with his students, and it promoted the ideas of filial piety, virtue, and ritual. The Analects also emphasize devotion to learning. The fourth and final book, Mencius, is a collection of conversations Mencius (another philosopher) had with Confucius. Mencius suggests that all humans were born good, but not all humans were born with the instinct to help others in need and they must learn to nurture that instinct. The same goes for this Mango smoothie the ingredients are yogurt, fresh mangoes, ripe bananas, peeled and deseeded oranges, and honey as an optional sweetener.Both the Analects and Mencius were the fine details of how Neo-Confucianism works, and were not as prevalent in society as the previous two. Blend them according to the recipe instructions below, and enjoy. If you are a vegan you can use this homemade almond yogurt. While sweet enough to eat at the end of a meal, this mango smoothie also makes a great breakfast. There’s fiber and simple sugars from the whole fruits and honey to get your body going. And how could we forget the importance of vitamins and minerals? Healthy proteins, fats, and probiotics from the yogurt to keep your gut healthy and your stomach feeling full. While using fresh or homemade ingredients for this smoothie is great, that’s not feasible for everyone. In the absence of any ingredients mentioned in this recipe, don’t sweat it. You can easily substitute out the fresh mangoes for frozen ones, the plain yogurt for vegan yogurt or even milk, and the fresh oranges for bottled orange juice. Mangoes are a great part of a daily diet because they’re full of fiber, are sodium and cholesterol free, and contain more than 20 different vitamins and minerals. Good for you and great to eat is always a win. If you’re worried about mangoes not being in season, don’t be. You can also use frozen mangoes or mango pulp. Mangoes are always available where I live, although different varieties of mango are available at different times of the year. In many countries, you can also find imported mangoes round the year. So you can use any!īut what if there’s only whole mangoes available? Here are some tips for you! Many supermarkets have convenient year-round, pre-sliced packs of whatever mango is available at the time. To start, you’ll want to make sure the mangoes are ripe. Color isn’t an indicator of ripeness, since mangoes come in different colors – yellow, orange and red. Instead, gently squeeze the mangoes to see if they have some give, like a ripe peach or avocado. ![]()
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